Integrative Biology 100
Discussion Class, February 27-29
#7 Chromosomes and Sexual Reproduction

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Related Assignments:

Take-Home Assignment #4 Meiosis and Genetics Due At Lecture Monday October 13

Take-Home Assignment #5 Human Genetics At Lecture Monday October 20

Second Web Crossing Assignment Due by 8:00 AM, Monday October 27

Learner Objectives

You should be able to:

1. Explain what chromosomes are, what their role is, and how organisms get them.

2. Understand the relationships among these genetic terms:

homologous chromosomes	genes	dominant and recessive alleles
genotype	phenotype	homozygous (dominant and recessive)
heterozygous	autosome	single gene cross
two gene cross	meiosis	fertilization
sister chromatids	genetic recombination	gamete formation

3. Explain which events in meiosis contribute to genetic variability, and how these events relate to "Mendel's laws" of segregation and independent assortment.

4. Given the genotype of two parents, use chromosome models to demonstrate the genetic recombinations that occur during meiosis and illustrate the development of genetic combinations in the gametes produced by the parents.

5. Demonstrate the random fertilization events that result in the genotypes and phenotypes of the children of two parents of known genotype.

6. Describe the functionality of proteins produced by dominant alleles and recessive alleles.

7. Given the phenotypes or genotypes of two parents, predict the genotypes and phenotypes of children that they might produce.

8. Given the phenotypes or genotypes of the children of two parents, predict the genotypes and phenotypes of the parents of the children.

Web Resources for Chromosome and Sexual Reproduction Discussion

Lecture 9: Cell Reproduction, Chromosomes, and DNA

Lecture 10: Organism Reproduction: Meiosis and Fertilization

Lecture 11: Heredity and Meiosis

• The Cell Cycle Hoefnagels Page 160, fig. 8.5

• The General Sexual Life Cycle

• Meiosis, Sexual Reproduction and Heredity

• Review of Chromosomes

• Homologous chromosomes Hoefnagels. Page 196, fig. 10.1

• Single or Replicated Chromosomes? Hoefnagels Page 157, figure 8.3

• Overview of Meiosis Hoefnagels pg. 179, fig. 9.5

• Details of Meiosis Lewis, et. al. pg. 170-1, fig. 10.7

• Meiosis I Hoefnagels pg. 180, fIg. 9.6.1

• Meiosis II Hoefnagels pg. 180, fIg. 9.6.2

• Meiosis and the Formation of Gametes

• Meiosis and the Development of sperm Hoefnagels pg. 188, fig. 9.15

• Meiosis and the Development of eggs Hoefnagels pg. 189, fig. 9.16

• Timing of Development of sperm and eggs Lewis, et. al. pg. 180, fig. 10.17

• Genetic Recombinations during Meiosis

• Independent Assortment of Homologoius Chromosomes
  

  • Possible arrangements of homologous Chromosomes during meiosis Hoefnagels pg. 183, figure 9.8

  • Independent assortment Hoefnagels pg. 203, figure 10.9

  • Independent Assortment of Alleles from Sumanasinc.com

• Crossing Over of Non-Sister Chromatids of Homologous Chromosomes
  

• Crossing Over Hoefnagels, pg. 182, fig. 9.7

• Meiosis with Crossing Over from Sumanasinc.com

• Gamete variation by Crossing Over depends on the relative location of linked gene loci.

• Fertilization and Predicting Heredity (Genetics)

• Solving Genetics Problems

• Punnett Square diagram of a cross involving only ONE GENE (Monohybrid) - Select "Animation" from the choices at the bottom of the screen. (from DNA from the Beginning)

• Autosomal Recessive and Dominant inheritence compared

• Punnet square analysis of a cross involving TWO GENES. (Dihybrid) - Select "Problem" from the choices at the bottom of the screen. (from DNA from the Beginning)